Liver cirrhosis occurs when repeated liver damage gradually replaces healthy tissue with scar tissue, reducing the liver’s ability to function properly. Early symptoms can include fatigue, nausea, and mild swelling, though some people may not notice any signs until serious complications arise. Over time, cirrhosis can lead to fluid buildup, infections, or liver failure, significantly impacting daily life.

Ongoing research is exploring causes such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, and long-term alcohol use, while clinical trials are testing new treatments and early detection methods to help protect liver health and improve overall well-being.